To better understand the special features and potential of the territory around our splendid Lake Garda, it is necessary to briefly mention its origin.
The formation of Lake Garda and the morainic hills.
Lake Garda is a lake of glacial origin, the result of a series of events linked together. The tectonic rift that contains the lake basin and the mountains that surround it, can be dated back to the Eocene period, around 3 to 5 million years ago.
In that era of shaping the earth’s crust, the deep bed of our lake was formed as well as the rise of its surrounding mountains (Mount Pizzocolo, Mount Manerba, Mount Baldo.)
In the valleys, formed by tectonic upheavals, the waters of the Sarca, Chiese and Adige rivers flowed together, rivers that began their characteristic work of erosion and shaping of the rocks.
In the Pliocene era (about 5 million years ago) the Lake Garda area, like the Po valley, was covered by the sea, due to the reconnection between the Atlantic and the Mediterranean seas which invaded these deep valleys depositing clay sediments. This is proven by the discovery of a great number of marine fossil specimen in many areas. Subsequently, a new phenomenon affected the area south of the Alps: ice occupied all the valleys where, still today, the Italian pre-Alpine lakes are located.
During this period, due to the very low temperatures, the sea waters withdrew, being absorbed in the form of ice and atmospheric precipitation, leaving mines of rock salt. Four glaciations followed that shaped the current lake basin, first holding and then releasing a large quantity of debris that accumulated, forming what is now the morainic amphitheatre of hills, at the foot of Lake Garda. The erosive and excavating action of the glaciers was therefore a fundamental step for the formation and creation of our lake.